Study in Germany: the ultimate guide for a PhD in 2023
Germany

The Ultimate Guide to Studying in Germany in 2023

Browse all PhD programmes in Germany

  • Oct-Sep Academic Year
  • 35 Listed Institutes
  • 71 Ranked Universities
  • 369,000 Int. Students
  • 3,280,000 Students
  • 83,884,000 Population

Study in Germany

We owe a lot to Germany when it comes to the history of education and universities. Germany is the birthplace of what we call ‘research universities’ – big places with ivory towers and libraries where new knowledge is produced every day.

This university model has since covered the entire planet, and is basically what most universities are set up for today: to produce knowledge and make new discoveries. Don’t you want to study in Germany, the place where it all began?

Why study in Germany?

1. German universities are tuition-free

Yes, you've read that right! Almost all public universities in Germany don't charge any tuition fees to international students, regardless of their nationality. This is a huge benefit, one that allows you to only focus on living costs, like accommodation, food, transport, and so on.

2. Germany is at the forefront of Engineering

Engineering and technology in general are highly valued by Germans. Whether we're talking about automobiles, highways, or monumental structures, Germany has it covered.

Even Tesla, one of the most important manufacturers of electric vehicles, decided to open a factory in Germany.

3. Top-quality higher education

We've mentioned that German public universities are free, but don't make the mistake of believing that free means low-quality. In Germany, it's exactly the opposite; over 60 universities and universities of applied sciences (UAS) are present in the most important international university rankings.

German higher education institutions have excellent standards, high expectations, and empower students to become leaders in their academic (and future professional) fields.

4. Achieve German language excellency

Even if you study an English-taught degree, don't miss the opportunity to either improve or start learning German.

It is an important language, thanks to Germany's position as one of the world's leading economies. Companies in Germany and other European nations are willing to pay high salaries for graduates with advanced German skills on their CV.

It's true that German isn't the easiest language to learn; but if you start with the basics and keep improving slowly, you will soon be surprised by your progress.

5. Excellent job prospects

Graduates with a diploma from German universities are highly valued on job markets, both in Germany and other countries. This happens because everybody recognises the impressive academic level of German education institutions.

Whether you want to stay in Germany and become part of their powerful economy or return to your home country or move somewhere else, a German degree will always make you stand out from other job candidates.

Which universities to attend in Germany?

You won’t have any trouble finding an excellent university to pursue your education in Germany. The whole country has plenty of options and places for you to search for your desired degree options.

Germany has different types of universities and institutions, offering classes that can apply to your specific needs. Whether they are those traditional research universities, universities of applied sciences (Fachhochschulen), or specialised art and music institutions, you can find the classes that fit your needs and interests best.

What is it like to study in Germany?

Students in Germany enjoy a variety of social events, both at their universities, and around the cities. Take a train to Oktoberfest, find an art festival, or spend a day at one of the many historic museums around every part of Germany.

Germany is also known for offering an exciting multicultural environment; you’ll be in classes with people from all over the world, and you’ll notice that several languages are spoken throughout the city you’re living in.

In your classes, you’ll be expected to show attentiveness with the lectures, punctuality, and an interest in participating. This may seem intense but you’ll find yourself growing and learning throughout your degree programme.

What to study in Germany?

Germany has Bachelor’s, Master’s and PhD programmes in nearly every subject or field you can imagine, and students all over the world find degree programmes that appeal to them and offer a unique education.

Here are some subjects you can find when you go attend a Germany university:

Where to study in Germany?

Germany is home to some of the biggest cities in the world, and each one has its own story to tell. Cities all over Germany are perfect for students and can offer you a great cultural life to enjoy time outside of your classes.

Check out some of these cities and learn more about what it is like to study there:

How to apply

So, how to apply to a university in Germany? Here are a few important steps:

  • If you’re hoping to be admitted to a university in Germany, follow these steps and make sure to have the right materials prepared for your application.
  • Have your graduating certificates (high school or university) ready to show, send, or scan. The application will typically call this an “Abitur.” You’ll want to double check that your degree is recognised by German universities.
  • You might have to take a written entrance examination
  • Make sure to know what the language requirements are, and whether you have to prove skills in German or English before enrolling in a degree programme.
  • Show how you performed as a student, and be sure to know what your Grade Point Average (GPA) was during your studies.
  • To help your chances of going to Germany, be sure to apply to more than one university!

Helpful ways to make sure you qualify for a Germany university

Take Preparation Courses

These kinds of courses enable degree-seeking students to get an extra educational boost just before they start their Master’s degree or other post-graduate degree programmes.

Try a pre-M.B.A., pre-Law, or pre-Medicine programme, as well as any other foundation or preparation courses that will allow you to study in the degree programme of your choice.

Improve your English through an English-language prep course

If you’re attending a degree programme in Germany, you will sometimes need to prove that your language skills are good enough to participate in the classes and understand the lectures; some schools will require German, while others will require strong English skills. These courses will also prepare you for any of the English-language tests that universities require.

English-language tests

Universities in Germany will want to see proof that you have good English-language skills, so that you can easily succeed in their courses. Almost all German universities accept these official English exams:

Living in Germany

In terms of tuition fees, Germany is a paradise for international students. Almost all public universities are free for international students, regardless of their country of origin. This means you'll only have to worry about living expenses and other administrative costs.

Tuition fees in Germany

The tuition fees in Germany all depend on where you decide to study. In October 2014, Germany abolished tuition fees for undergraduate and graduate international students (at public universities). However, the south-west state of Baden-Württemberg introduced tuition fees for non-EU/EEA students in the fall of 2017.

Master’s degree students enjoy tuition-free education as long as their degree programme is “consecutive”, or follows immediately after a Bachelor’s degree. However, “non-consecutive” degrees may require a tuition fee of up to 5,000 EUR per year (at public universities), and 30,000 EUR per year (at private universities).

Living costs in Germany

Thanks to the people at DAAD, the German Academic Exchange Service, we have a good breakdown of some of the living costs that students ought to expect while studying in Germany. Overall, you should prepare about 700–1,100 EUR/month. 

Monthly expenses:

  • Rent: 250–390 EUR
  • Utilities: 100–200 EUR
  • Food: 170 EUR
  • Clothing: 45 EUR
  • Travel expenses (public transport): 25–200 EUR
  • Health insurance and medical costs: 80 EUR
  • Phone/internet fees: 35 EUR
  • Course materials (books, learning materials): 20 EUR

About Germany

Because of its unique geographical location, Germany is right in the middle of several European countries, languages, histories, and cultures. The official language in Germany is, well…German, of course! But, in certain areas, you’ll also find English, Dutch, French, Turkish, Romani, Danish, and Polish. 

Did you know that Germany is Europe’s second largest beer consumer? No wonder everyone associates Germany with those big Beer Steins and Oktoberfest!

Also, right now, Germany is the world leader in climate and energy policy! What does this mean? Well, at least a third of the country is now powered by renewable energy.

Germany is a huge country, but if you have a chance to travel, there are several places you must see when you’re there.

  • The Rhine Valley
  • Neuschwanstein
  • The Black Forest
  • Cologne Cathedral
  • Minatur Wunderland

Universities, colleges and schools in Germany

Bamberg

Berlin

Bochum

Bremen

Dresden

Erlangen

Freiburg

Göttingen

Halle

Hamburg

Hannover

Heidelberg

Helmstedt

Jena

Kaiserslautern

Karlsruhe

Konstanz

Leipzig

Lübeck

Mannheim

Munster

München

Potsdam

Stuttgart

Tübingen

Ulm

Würzburg

Interesting programmes for you

Find PhDs Degrees in Germany

What subject to study in Germany?

Recent international policies promote international university cooperation and student exchange between countries worldwide. High-quality study and PhD degrees are made more available to students in order to create a global educational network, achievable through student and staff mobility. Career and research oriented programmes support international student development.

University cooperation enables students study worldwide, for instance in Australia, Asia, Europe and the United States and provides ways of recognizing previous degrees. Different study options offer appropriate alternatives to students, depending on their preferred mode of study.

Many study programmes in Australia, Asia, Europe and North America are English-taught. The most popular international student destinations include the following countries: Australia, Belgium, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, the United States, and more. However, these are not the only countries offering English-taught education. The rest of the world is full of endless study choices, from highly ranked to smaller, more specialized, universities.

PhD (postgraduate) Degrees

If you want further education beyond the undergraduate level or if you want more personal development or a career in academia, you could obtain a PhD degree. PhD degrees are postgraduate programmes that usually follow a Master's, MPhil or MRes, but there might be additional requirements depending on the university. Students are required to do their own research in a chosen topic. With the help of a supervisor, you develop knowledge and analytical skills in a specific or multidisciplinary field and you carry out independent research. The duration of a PhD degree differs per country and institution. Sometimes your own research is accompanied by work for the department such as giving seminars or small group teaching.

PhD students are required to study on campus under close supervision, but there are universities that accept students enrolled into a part-time distance education PhD degree. Studying on campus can also be full-time as well as part-time, in which case the part-time variant is normally twice as long as the full-time study.

Discover other countries

Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a very popular study destination. Internationals choose this beautiful country because Dutch universities are some of the best in Europe, the living standards are high, foreigners are always welcome, and you get to live in one of the happiest and safest countries in the world. The Netherlands is also renowned for innovative technologies and engineering solutions, which is reflected in the wide range of Engineering degrees offered by universities. English is spoken by around 90% of Dutch citizens, so forget about language barriers. Also, bike lanes and the “cycling culture” will help you to stay fit and healthy, and there are diverse job opportunities and internships for international students.
Finland
Finland
Finland is an excellent choice for all internationals and especially for EU/EEA students who can study at local public universities for free. The beautiful Nordic country has one of the best education systems in the world and ranks among the safest and happiest nations in the world. You can also choose from over 400 English-taught programmes. In your spare time, you can explore the breathtaking Finnish nature and landscapes, as well as the numerous lakes that give the country the nickname ‘The Land of a Thousand Lakes.’ From here, you can easily travel to neighbouring countries like Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Russia, or Estonia.
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is among the top countries in the world in terms of quality of life, peace, safety, and development. It represents an appealing blend of beautiful landscapes, English-speaking environments, and a strong, welcoming, and rich culture — of which the Irish people are very proud. International students also enjoy the full support of Irish universities, which hire and train staff that are able to help with accommodation, studies, visa details, or any other challenge.
Norway
Norway
Norway is a paradise for anyone who wants to study abroad for free. Public universities don’t charge any tuition fees. This policy applies to all international students, regardless of their nationality. The academic standard is very high, and professors are easy to approach, always willing to go the extra mile for their students. Additionally, classes are organised in small groups, which further improves learning and cooperation. You can choose from a wide range of English-taught programmes, and you don’t need to worry about language barriers outside of classes either, because most Norwegians speak English as a second language. Internationals should find it easy to adapt to Norway’s society, which is based on equality and fair opportunities — reflected both in the legal system and in people’s behaviour.
Greece
Greece
Greece is the cradle of European civilization and the birthplace of philosophy. Greek universities and colleges have a long history in academics, attracting international students from all over the world. Classes are not typically formal, so you can expect open discussions between students and professors, in line with the classical philosophical debate tradition. EU/EEA students don’t pay any tuition at public universities, while non-EU/EEA citizens pay low fees. In Greece, you’ll also enjoy the well-known local hospitality and the wonderful Mediterranean climate. There are many landmarks and monuments waiting to be explored, including the Acropolis, Delphi, the Parthenon, and many others.
Sweden
Sweden
Sweden is a very ambitious, eco-friendly, and visionary country. For example, by 2040, it aims to produce all its energy from renewable sources. Universities play an important role in achieving development goals, thanks to their world-class research facilities. If you’re from the EU/EEA, you can study at public universities for free. As a student, you will discover and easily adopt the three main values of Swedish society: freedom, equality, and sustainability. These values are reflected in every aspect of the local society, and you’ll quickly learn to appreciate them. Language barriers are also almost non-existent since around 80% of Swedes speak English.
Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland has one of the most advanced free-market economies, which is reflected in the high living standards and the satisfaction of people living here. In terms of higher education, Swiss universities are constantly ranked among the best in Europe, and they shine in areas like Business, Tourism, Culinary Arts, and Engineering. When compared to Western universities, tuition fees in Switzerland are affordable, and all studies — especially PhD programmes — are world-class. You’ll have the opportunity to develop in a multilingual environment and try learning international languages like German, French, or Italian. If you settle down here, the unemployment rates are low, and salaries are well above the European average.
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Universities in the UK are some of the most highly regarded in the world, and for good reasons. Some of the world's most highly regarded research takes place in British universities, which are regularly featured in international rankings. While studying in the UK, you will be able to develop in a highly multicultural environment with high chances of pursuing lucrative careers after graduation. The teaching in the UK is designed to encourage new idea generation, encouraging individual research and group cooperation, through class discussions and creative assignments.
Canada
Canada
Canada is one of the most popular study destinations in the world due to its high focus on the quality of its universities and its emphasis on attracting international students who can later immigrate. Canadians are very welcoming to international students and they invest a lot into making sure students are safe, treated fairly, and enjoy their stay in the country. Study in one of the strongest economies in the world while enjoying a high living standard and a flexible study environment. Classes have smaller student groups ensuring everyone gets the attention they need, and encouraging group assignments and debates.
United States
United States
The United States is home to some of the most prestigious universities and colleges in the world. With over 150 universities featured in international rankings, the U.S. has some of the best business schools, medical schools, and engineering schools. Universities and colleges in the U.S. are well known for academic flexibility and ways to customize your study experience with optional studies and extracurricular activities. Depending on where you will be studying, you will be able to visit iconic places like the Statue of Liberty, Empire State Building, Goldengate Bridge, The Grand Canyon, Mount Rushmore, Disney's Magic Kingdom Park, and much more.
Israel
Israel
Israel attracts international students through high standards of education and a wide range of English-taught degrees. Local universities shine in areas like Technology, Sciences, Business, and Entrepreneurship. In fact, Israel is a renowned land of innovation, having earned itself the nickname ‘Start-Up Nation’. While living and studying here, you will discover a wonderful culture developed throughout 4,000 years of history; different cultural influences are noticeable everywhere, especially in Israeli food, art, and history. In major cities, English is widely spoken, so communication shouldn’t be a problem. In your spare time, you can visit one of the over 400 nature reserves and 80 national parks.
Australia
Australia
By studying in Australia you will take advantage of the great student environment both inside and outside classrooms. In addition to some of the best business and engineering schools in the world, you will be able to explore a greatly developed country that still retains its wild side with its warm climate, beautiful beaches, and the Great Outback, with over 500 national parks. Many Australian universities provide internships and work placements, preparing students early on for the job market.
View all countries

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